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1 commercial statistics
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > commercial statistics
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2 commercial statistics
1) Экономика: торговая статистика2) Бухгалтерия: коммерческая статистика -
3 commercial statistics
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4 commercial statistics
English-Russian electronics dictionary > commercial statistics
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5 commercial statistics
The New English-Russian Dictionary of Radio-electronics > commercial statistics
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6 commercial statistics
коммерческая статистика, торговая статистикаEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > commercial statistics
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7 commercial statistics
English-Russian scientific dictionary > commercial statistics
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8 statistics
а) наука о способах сбора, анализа и интерпретации данных на основе использования теории вероятностей- applied statistics
- Boltzman statistics
- Bose- Einstein statistics
- Box-Pierce Q-statistics
- business statistics
- classical statistics
- commercial statistics
- comparative statistics
- complete statistics
- descriptive statistics
- engineering statistics
- experimental statistics
- fading statistics
- Fermi-Dirac statistics
- first order statistics
- Gaussian statistics
- Gentile statistics
- Gentile intermediate statistics
- Gibbs statistics
- incremental statistics
- integer statistics
- linear statistics
- mathematical statistics
- Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics
- nonlinear statistics
- non-parametric statistics
- non-relativistic statistics
- Nth order statistics
- order statistics
- Q-statistics
- para-statistics
- physical statistics
- quantum statistics
- rank statistics
- relativistic statistics
- sample statistics
- single-sample statistics
- technical statistics
- test statistics
- theoretical statistics
- traffic statistics
- utilization statistics
- van der Waerden statistics -
9 statistics
а) наука о способах сбора, анализа и интерпретации данных на основе использования теории вероятностей•- applied statistics
- Boltzman statistics
- Bose-Einstein statistics
- Box-Pierce Q-statistics
- business statistics
- classical statistics
- commercial statistics
- comparative statistics
- complete statistics
- descriptive statistics
- engineering statistics
- experimental statistics
- fading statistics
- Fermi-Dirac statistics
- first order statistics
- Gaussian statistics
- Gentile intermediate statistics
- Gentile statistics
- Gibbs statistics
- incremental statistics
- integer statistics
- linear statistics
- mathematical statistics
- Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics
- nonlinear statistics
- non-parametric statistics
- non-relativistic statistics
- Nth order statistics
- order statistics
- para-statistics
- physical statistics
- Q-statistics
- quantum statistics
- rank statistics
- relativistic statistics
- sample statistics
- single-sample statistics
- technical statistics
- test statistics
- theoretical statistics
- traffic statistics
- utilization statistics
- van der Waerden statisticsThe New English-Russian Dictionary of Radio-electronics > statistics
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10 statistics
1) статистика (научная дисциплина, раздел теории вероятностей)2) статистические характеристики, статистические показатели• -
11 statistics
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12 statistic
n обыкн. pl
- accident statistics
- actuarial statistics
- area statistics
- banking statistics
- banking and monetary statistics
- business statistics
- commercial statistics
- comparative statistics
- criminal statistics
- economic statistics
- efficient statistic
- employment statistics
- financial statistics
- foreign trade statistics
- general statistics
- housing statistics
- industry statistics
- information statistics
- insurance statistics
- labour statistics
- loss statistics
- management statistics
- monetary statistics
- national income statistics
- occupation statistics
- official statistics
- operational statistics
- patent statistics
- plant statistics
- product statistics
- profits statistics
- published statistics
- quality statistics
- quantity statistics
- reported statistics
- sales statistics
- summary statistics
- tangled statistics
- trade statistics
- transport statistics
- vital statistics
- world statisticsEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > statistic
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13 near cash
!гос. фин. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.This paper provides background information on the framework for the planning and control of public expenditure in the UK which has been operated since the 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR). It sets out the different classifications of spending for budgeting purposes and why these distinctions have been adopted. It discusses how the public expenditure framework is designed to ensure both sound public finances and an outcome-focused approach to public expenditure.The UK's public spending framework is based on several key principles:"consistency with a long-term, prudent and transparent regime for managing the public finances as a whole;" "the judgement of success by policy outcomes rather than resource inputs;" "strong incentives for departments and their partners in service delivery to plan over several years and plan together where appropriate so as to deliver better public services with greater cost effectiveness; and"the proper costing and management of capital assets to provide the right incentives for public investment.The Government sets policy to meet two firm fiscal rules:"the Golden Rule states that over the economic cycle, the Government will borrow only to invest and not to fund current spending; and"the Sustainable Investment Rule states that net public debt as a proportion of GDP will be held over the economic cycle at a stable and prudent level. Other things being equal, net debt will be maintained below 40 per cent of GDP over the economic cycle.Achievement of the fiscal rules is assessed by reference to the national accounts, which are produced by the Office for National Statistics, acting as an independent agency. The Government sets its spending envelope to comply with these fiscal rules.Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL) and Annually Managed Expenditure (AME)"Departmental Expenditure Limit ( DEL) spending, which is planned and controlled on a three year basis in Spending Reviews; and"Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME), which is expenditure which cannot reasonably be subject to firm, multi-year limits in the same way as DEL. AME includes social security benefits, local authority self-financed expenditure, debt interest, and payments to EU institutions.More information about DEL and AME is set out below.In Spending Reviews, firm DEL plans are set for departments for three years. To ensure consistency with the Government's fiscal rules departments are set separate resource (current) and capital budgets. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.To encourage departments to plan over the medium term departments may carry forward unspent DEL provision from one year into the next and, subject to the normal tests for tautness and realism of plans, may be drawn down in future years. This end-year flexibility also removes any incentive for departments to use up their provision as the year end approaches with less regard to value for money. For the full benefits of this flexibility and of three year plans to feed through into improved public service delivery, end-year flexibility and three year budgets should be cascaded from departments to executive agencies and other budget holders.Three year budgets and end-year flexibility give those managing public services the stability to plan their operations on a sensible time scale. Further, the system means that departments cannot seek to bid up funds each year (before 1997, three year plans were set and reviewed in annual Public Expenditure Surveys). So the credibility of medium-term plans has been enhanced at both central and departmental level.Departments have certainty over the budgetary allocation over the medium term and these multi-year DEL plans are strictly enforced. Departments are expected to prioritise competing pressures and fund these within their overall annual limits, as set in Spending Reviews. So the DEL system provides a strong incentive to control costs and maximise value for money.There is a small centrally held DEL Reserve. Support from the Reserve is available only for genuinely unforeseeable contingencies which departments cannot be expected to manage within their DEL.AME typically consists of programmes which are large, volatile and demand-led, and which therefore cannot reasonably be subject to firm multi-year limits. The biggest single element is social security spending. Other items include tax credits, Local Authority Self Financed Expenditure, Scottish Executive spending financed by non-domestic rates, and spending financed from the proceeds of the National Lottery.AME is reviewed twice a year as part of the Budget and Pre-Budget Report process reflecting the close integration of the tax and benefit system, which was enhanced by the introduction of tax credits.AME is not subject to the same three year expenditure limits as DEL, but is still part of the overall envelope for public expenditure. Affordability is taken into account when policy decisions affecting AME are made. The Government has committed itself not to take policy measures which are likely to have the effect of increasing social security or other elements of AME without taking steps to ensure that the effects of those decisions can be accommodated prudently within the Government's fiscal rules.Given an overall envelope for public spending, forecasts of AME affect the level of resources available for DEL spending. Cautious estimates and the AME margin are built in to these AME forecasts and reduce the risk of overspending on AME.Together, DEL plus AME sum to Total Managed Expenditure (TME). TME is a measure drawn from national accounts. It represents the current and capital spending of the public sector. The public sector is made up of central government, local government and public corporations.Resource and Capital Budgets are set in terms of accruals information. Accruals information measures resources as they are consumed rather than when the cash is paid. So for example the Resource Budget includes a charge for depreciation, a measure of the consumption or wearing out of capital assets."Non cash charges in budgets do not impact directly on the fiscal framework. That may be because the national accounts use a different way of measuring the same thing, for example in the case of the depreciation of departmental assets. Or it may be that the national accounts measure something different: for example, resource budgets include a cost of capital charge reflecting the opportunity cost of holding capital; the national accounts include debt interest."Within the Resource Budget DEL, departments have separate controls on:"Near cash spending, the sub set of Resource Budgets which impacts directly on the Golden Rule; and"The amount of their Resource Budget DEL that departments may spend on running themselves (e.g. paying most civil servants’ salaries) is limited by Administration Budgets, which are set in Spending Reviews. Administration Budgets are used to ensure that as much money as practicable is available for front line services and programmes. These budgets also help to drive efficiency improvements in departments’ own activities. Administration Budgets exclude the costs of frontline services delivered directly by departments.The Budget preceding a Spending Review sets an overall envelope for public spending that is consistent with the fiscal rules for the period covered by the Spending Review. In the Spending Review, the Budget AME forecast for year one of the Spending Review period is updated, and AME forecasts are made for the later years of the Spending Review period.The 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review ( CSR), which was published in July 1998, was a comprehensive review of departmental aims and objectives alongside a zero-based analysis of each spending programme to determine the best way of delivering the Government's objectives. The 1998 CSR allocated substantial additional resources to the Government's key priorities, particularly education and health, for the three year period from 1999-2000 to 2001-02.Delivering better public services does not just depend on how much money the Government spends, but also on how well it spends it. Therefore the 1998 CSR introduced Public Service Agreements (PSAs). Each major government department was given its own PSA setting out clear targets for achievements in terms of public service improvements.The 1998 CSR also introduced the DEL/ AME framework for the control of public spending, and made other framework changes. Building on the investment and reforms delivered by the 1998 CSR, successive spending reviews in 2000, 2002 and 2004 have:"provided significant increase in resources for the Government’s priorities, in particular health and education, and cross-cutting themes such as raising productivity; extending opportunity; and building strong and secure communities;" "enabled the Government significantly to increase investment in public assets and address the legacy of under investment from past decades. Departmental Investment Strategies were introduced in SR2000. As a result there has been a steady increase in public sector net investment from less than ¾ of a per cent of GDP in 1997-98 to 2¼ per cent of GDP in 2005-06, providing better infrastructure across public services;" "introduced further refinements to the performance management framework. PSA targets have been reduced in number over successive spending reviews from around 300 to 110 to give greater focus to the Government’s highest priorities. The targets have become increasingly outcome-focused to deliver further improvements in key areas of public service delivery across Government. They have also been refined in line with the conclusions of the Devolving Decision Making Review to provide a framework which encourages greater devolution and local flexibility. Technical Notes were introduced in SR2000 explaining how performance against each PSA target will be measured; and"not only allocated near cash spending to departments, but also – since SR2002 - set Resource DEL plans for non cash spending.To identify what further investments and reforms are needed to equip the UK for the global challenges of the decade ahead, on 19 July 2005 the Chief Secretary to the Treasury announced that the Government intends to launch a second Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR) reporting in 2007.A decade on from the first CSR, the 2007 CSR will represent a long-term and fundamental review of government expenditure. It will cover departmental allocations for 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010 11. Allocations for 2007-08 will be held to the agreed figures already announced by the 2004 Spending Review. To provide a rigorous analytical framework for these departmental allocations, the Government will be taking forward a programme of preparatory work over 2006 involving:"an assessment of what the sustained increases in spending and reforms to public service delivery have achieved since the first CSR. The assessment will inform the setting of new objectives for the decade ahead;" "an examination of the key long-term trends and challenges that will shape the next decade – including demographic and socio-economic change, globalisation, climate and environmental change, global insecurity and technological change – together with an assessment of how public services will need to respond;" "to release the resources needed to address these challenges, and to continue to secure maximum value for money from public spending over the CSR period, a set of zero-based reviews of departments’ baseline expenditure to assess its effectiveness in delivering the Government’s long-term objectives; together with"further development of the efficiency programme, building on the cross cutting areas identified in the Gershon Review, to embed and extend ongoing efficiency savings into departmental expenditure planning.The 2007 CSR also offers the opportunity to continue to refine the PSA framework so that it drives effective delivery and the attainment of ambitious national standards.Public Service Agreements (PSAs) were introduced in the 1998 CSR. They set out agreed targets detailing the outputs and outcomes departments are expected to deliver with the resources allocated to them. The new spending regime places a strong emphasis on outcome targets, for example in providing for better health and higher educational standards or service standards. The introduction in SR2004 of PSA ‘standards’ will ensure that high standards in priority areas are maintained.The Government monitors progress against PSA targets, and departments report in detail twice a year in their annual Departmental Reports (published in spring) and in their autumn performance reports. These reports provide Parliament and the public with regular updates on departments’ performance against their targets.Technical Notes explain how performance against each PSA target will be measured.To make the most of both new investment and existing assets, there needs to be a coherent long term strategy against which investment decisions are taken. Departmental Investment Strategies (DIS) set out each department's plans to deliver the scale and quality of capital stock needed to underpin its objectives. The DIS includes information about the department's existing capital stock and future plans for that stock, as well as plans for new investment. It also sets out the systems that the department has in place to ensure that it delivers its capital programmes effectively.This document was updated on 19 December 2005.Near-cash resource expenditure that has a related cash implication, even though the timing of the cash payment may be slightly different. For example, expenditure on gas or electricity supply is incurred as the fuel is used, though the cash payment might be made in arrears on aquarterly basis. Other examples of near-cash expenditure are: pay, rental.Net cash requirement the upper limit agreed by Parliament on the cash which a department may draw from theConsolidated Fund to finance the expenditure within the ambit of its Request forResources. It is equal to the agreed amount of net resources and net capital less non-cashitems and working capital.Non-cash cost costs where there is no cash transaction but which are included in a body’s accounts (or taken into account in charging for a service) to establish the true cost of all the resourcesused.Non-departmental a body which has a role in the processes of government, but is not a government public body, NDPBdepartment or part of one. NDPBs accordingly operate at arm’s length from governmentMinisters.Notional cost of a cost which is taken into account in setting fees and charges to improve comparability with insuranceprivate sector service providers.The charge takes account of the fact that public bodies donot generally pay an insurance premium to a commercial insurer.the independent body responsible for collecting and publishing official statistics about theUK’s society and economy. (At the time of going to print legislation was progressing tochange this body to the Statistics Board).Office of Government an office of the Treasury, with a status similar to that of an agency, which aims to maximise Commerce, OGCthe government’s purchasing power for routine items and combine professional expertiseto bear on capital projects.Office of the the government department responsible for discharging the Paymaster General’s statutoryPaymaster General,responsibilities to hold accounts and make payments for government departments and OPGother public bodies.Orange bookthe informal title for Management of Risks: Principles and Concepts, which is published by theTreasury for the guidance of public sector bodies.Office for NationalStatistics, ONS60Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————"GLOSSARYOverdraftan account with a negative balance.Parliament’s formal agreement to authorise an activity or expenditure.Prerogative powerspowers exercisable under the Royal Prerogative, ie powers which are unique to the Crown,as contrasted with common-law powers which may be available to the Crown on the samebasis as to natural persons.Primary legislationActs which have been passed by the Westminster Parliament and, where they haveappropriate powers, the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Ireland Assembly. Begin asBills until they have received Royal Assent.arrangements under which a public sector organisation contracts with a private sectorentity to construct a facility and provide associated services of a specified quality over asustained period. See annex 7.5.Proprietythe principle that patterns of resource consumption should respect Parliament’s intentions,conventions and control procedures, including any laid down by the PAC. See box 2.4.Public Accountssee Committee of Public Accounts.CommitteePublic corporationa trading body controlled by central government, local authority or other publiccorporation that has substantial day to day operating independence. See section 7.8.Public Dividend finance provided by government to public sector bodies as an equity stake; an alternative to Capital, PDCloan finance.Public Service sets out what the public can expect the government to deliver with its resources. EveryAgreement, PSAlarge government department has PSA(s) which specify deliverables as targets or aimsrelated to objectives.a structured arrangement between a public sector and a private sector organisation tosecure an outcome delivering good value for money for the public sector. It is classified tothe public or private sector according to which has more control.Rate of returnthe financial remuneration delivered by a particular project or enterprise, expressed as apercentage of the net assets employed.Regularitythe principle that resource consumption should accord with the relevant legislation, therelevant delegated authority and this document. See box 2.4.Request for the functional level into which departmental Estimates may be split. RfRs contain a number Resources, RfRof functions being carried out by the department in pursuit of one or more of thatdepartment’s objectives.Resource accountan accruals account produced in line with the Financial Reporting Manual (FReM).Resource accountingthe system under which budgets, Estimates and accounts are constructed in a similar wayto commercial audited accounts, so that both plans and records of expenditure allow in fullfor the goods and services which are to be, or have been, consumed – ie not just the cashexpended.Resource budgetthe means by which the government plans and controls the expenditure of resources tomeet its objectives.Restitutiona legal concept which allows money and property to be returned to its rightful owner. Ittypically operates where another person can be said to have been unjustly enriched byreceiving such monies.Return on capital the ratio of profit to capital employed of an accounting entity during an identified period.employed, ROCEVarious measures of profit and of capital employed may be used in calculating the ratio.Public Privatepartnership, PPPPrivate Finance Initiative, PFIParliamentaryauthority61Managing Public Money"————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARYRoyal charterthe document setting out the powers and constitution of a corporation established underprerogative power of the monarch acting on Privy Council advice.Second readingthe second formal time that a House of Parliament may debate a bill, although in practicethe first substantive debate on its content. If successful, it is deemed to denoteParliamentary approval of the principle of the proposed legislation.Secondary legislationlaws, including orders and regulations, which are made using powers in primary legislation.Normally used to set out technical and administrative provision in greater detail thanprimary legislation, they are subject to a less intense level of scrutiny in Parliament.European legislation is,however,often implemented in secondary legislation using powers inthe European Communities Act 1972.Service-level agreement between parties, setting out in detail the level of service to be performed.agreementWhere agreements are between central government bodies, they are not legally a contractbut have a similar function.Shareholder Executive a body created to improve the government’s performance as a shareholder in businesses.Spending reviewsets out the key improvements in public services that the public can expect over a givenperiod. It includes a thorough review of departmental aims and objectives to find the bestway of delivering the government’s objectives, and sets out the spending plans for the givenperiod.State aidstate support for a domestic body or company which could distort EU competition and sois not usually allowed. See annex 4.9.Statement of Excessa formal statement detailing departments’ overspends prepared by the Comptroller andAuditor General as a result of undertaking annual audits.Statement on Internal an annual statement that Accounting Officers are required to make as part of the accounts Control, SICon a range of risk and control issues.Subheadindividual elements of departmental expenditure identifiable in Estimates as single cells, forexample cell A1 being administration costs within a particular line of departmental spending.Supplyresources voted by Parliament in response to Estimates, for expenditure by governmentdepartments.Supply Estimatesa statement of the resources the government needs in the coming financial year, and forwhat purpose(s), by which Parliamentary authority is sought for the planned level ofexpenditure and income.Target rate of returnthe rate of return required of a project or enterprise over a given period, usually at least a year.Third sectorprivate sector bodies which do not act commercially,including charities,social and voluntaryorganisations and other not-for-profit collectives. See annex 7.7.Total Managed a Treasury budgeting term which covers all current and capital spending carried out by the Expenditure,TMEpublic sector (ie not just by central departments).Trading fundan organisation (either within a government department or forming one) which is largely orwholly financed from commercial revenue generated by its activities. Its Estimate shows itsnet impact, allowing its income from receipts to be devoted entirely to its business.Treasury Minutea formal administrative document drawn up by the Treasury, which may serve a wide varietyof purposes including seeking Parliamentary approval for the use of receipts asappropriations in aid, a remission of some or all of the principal of voted loans, andresponding on behalf of the government to reports by the Public Accounts Committee(PAC).62Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARY63Managing Public MoneyValue for moneythe process under which organisation’s procurement, projects and processes aresystematically evaluated and assessed to provide confidence about suitability, effectiveness,prudence,quality,value and avoidance of error and other waste,judged for the public sectoras a whole.Virementthe process through which funds are moved between subheads such that additionalexpenditure on one is met by savings on one or more others.Votethe process by which Parliament approves funds in response to supply Estimates.Voted expenditureprovision for expenditure that has been authorised by Parliament. Parliament ‘votes’authority for public expenditure through the Supply Estimates process. Most expenditureby central government departments is authorised in this way.Wider market activity activities undertaken by central government organisations outside their statutory duties,using spare capacity and aimed at generating a commercial profit. See annex 7.6.Windfallmonies received by a department which were not anticipated in the spending review.———————————————————————————————————————— -
14 advertising
сущ.1) рекл. реклама (совокупность каких-л. рекламных объявлений; обычно употребляется с указанием места, где размещается данная реклама)Over 60 percent of alcohol advertising [on television\] is shown during sports programming
Asian governments have attempted to limit excessive consumptions by instituting strict control over the content and amount of advertising in the media.
Advertising [on buses\] is one of the important advertising means to which companies and establishments attach great importance because this type of advertisement is a mobile one seen by all.
two-thirds of the food and drink advertising for children under 12 — две трети всей рекламы продуктов питания для детей младше 12-ти лет
Last month, 10 companies that produce almost two-thirds of the food and drink advertising [for children\] under 12 agreed to start cutting back on advertising junk foods.
No person shall within the city distribute [printed\] advertising by placing it within or upon parked automobiles.
2) рекл. реклама, рекламирование (процесс осуществления рекламы; как правило, употребляется с указанием рекламируемого продукта)Alcohol advertising is the promotion of alcoholic beverages by alcohol producers through a variety of media.
the control of medicines advertising in the UK — контроль за рекламой лекарств в Соединенном Королевстве
ATTRIBUTES: accessory 2. 1), advance 3. 2), aerial 3. 1), agricultural, air 2. 1),
alternative 2. 3), ambient 1. 1), audiovisual, auxiliary 2. 1), block 1. 4) а), boastful, broadcast 2. 1), n1, classified 1. 1), commercial 1. 4) а), comparative, competing 1. 1) а), competitive 1. 2) а), concept 1. 2) а), consumer 1. 1) а), continuity 1. 1) а), controversial 1. 1) а), cooperative 2. 1), n2, coordinated, corporate 1. 2) а), б, corrective 1. 1), creative, deceptive, demographic, denigratory, dissipative, domestic 1. 2) а),
foreign 1) б), global, professional 1. 3) б), regional, repeat 3. 3) б), strategic, superior 3. 1) б), test 3. 3) б), traditional
Syn:See:accessory advertising, advance advertising, advocacy advertising, aerial advertising, agricultural advertising, air advertising, aisle advertising, alternative advertising, ambient advertising, analogy advertising, association advertising, audiovisual advertising, auxiliary advertising, bait advertising, bait and switch advertising, bait-and-switch advertising, bank advertising, banner advertising, bargain advertising, bargain-basement advertising, block advertising, boastful advertising, brand advertising, brand image advertising, brand name advertising, breakthrough advertising, broadcast advertising, burst advertising, business advertising, business paper advertising, business publication advertising, business-to-business advertising, car-card advertising, cause advertising, challenged advertising, charity advertising, children's advertising, cinema advertising, classified advertising, combative advertising, commercial advertising, comparative advertising, comparison advertising, competing advertising, competitive advertising, concept advertising, consumer advertising, continuity advertising, controversial advertising, co-op advertising, cooperative advertising, coordinated advertising, corporate advertising, corporate image advertising, corrective advertising, counter advertising, counteradvertising, coupon advertising, creative advertising, deceptive advertising, demographic advertising, demonstration advertising, denigratory advertising, direct advertising, direct response advertising, direct-action advertising, direct mail advertising, direct-mail advertising, directory advertising, display advertising, dissipative advertising, domestic advertising, door-to-door advertising, educational advertising, electric advertising, electrical advertising, e-mail based advertising, entertaining advertising, ethical advertising, export advertising, eye-catching advertising, factual advertising, false advertising, farm advertising, fashion advertising, film advertising, financial advertising, flexform advertising, follow-up advertising, foreign advertising, fraudulent advertising, full-page advertising, gender advertising, general advertising, generic advertising, global advertising, goodwill advertising, group advertising, hard-sell advertising, hard-selling advertising, heavy advertising, help wanted advertising, high-pressure advertising, house advertising, house-to-house advertising, idea advertising, illuminated advertising, image advertising, impact advertising, indirect action advertising, indirect-action advertising, individual advertising, indoor advertising, industrial advertising, information advertising, informational advertising, informative advertising, in-house advertising, initial advertising, innovative advertising, institutional advertising, in-store advertising, insurance advertising, international advertising, interstate advertising, introductory advertising, intrusive advertising, issue advertising, joint advertising, large-scale advertising, launch advertising, legal advertising, local advertising, mail advertising, mail-order advertising, mass advertising, mass-media advertising, media advertising, military advertising, misleading advertising, mobile advertising, mood advertising, movie theatre advertising, multimedia advertising, multinational advertising, national advertising, non-business advertising, non-commercial advertising, novelty advertising, obtrusive advertising, offbeat advertising, off-season advertising, on-line advertising, on-target advertising, opinion advertising, oral advertising, outdoor advertising, out-of-home advertising, package advertising, periodical advertising, personality advertising, persuasive advertising, point-of-purchase advertising, point-of-sale advertising, political advertising, postal advertising, postcard advertising, poster advertising, postmark advertising, pre-launch advertising, premium advertising, press advertising, prestige advertising, price advertising, primary advertising, print advertising, private sector advertising, problem-solution advertising, procurement advertising, producer advertising, product advertising, product-comparison advertising, professional advertising, promotional advertising, public relations advertising, public sector advertising, public service advertising, public-affairs advertising, public interest advertising, public-issue advertising, public-service advertising, radio advertising, railway advertising, reason-why advertising, recruitment advertising, regional advertising, reinforcement advertising, remembrance advertising, reminder advertising, repeat advertising, retail advertising, retentive advertising, saturation advertising, scented advertising, screen advertising, seasonal advertising, selective advertising, self-advertising, semi-display advertising, show-window advertising, sky advertising, slide advertising, social advertising, social cause advertising, soft-sell advertising, specialty advertising, split-run advertising, spot advertising, store advertising, strategic advertising, street advertising, strip advertising, subliminal advertising, sustaining advertising, switch advertising, tactical advertising, target advertising, taxi top advertising, teaser advertising, television advertising, test advertising, testimonial advertising, tie-in advertising, tombstone advertising, total advertising, trade advertising, trademark advertising, traditional advertising, transformational advertising, transit advertising, transportation advertising, truthful advertising, truth-in-advertising, two-step formal advertising, unacceptable advertising, unfair advertising, untruthful advertising, visual advertising, vocational advertising, wall advertising, word-of-mouth advertising, written advertising, yellow pages advertising, advertising abuse, advertising action, advertising aids, advertising analysis а), advertising appeal, advertising approach, advertising audience, advertising awareness, advertising balance, advertising band, advertising believability, advertising break, advertising brochure, advertising catalogue, advertising circular, advertising claim 1) а), advertising clutter, advertising column, advertising communication, advertising competition 2) а), advertising copy, advertising coupon, advertising credibility, advertising cue, advertising decay, advertising deception, advertising device, advertising emphasis, advertising exaggeration, advertising exposure 2) а), advertising factor а), advertising film, advertising folder, advertising frequency, advertising gift, advertising gimmick, advertising handbill, advertising hoarding, advertising image, advertising impact, advertising impression, advertising influence, advertising insert, advertising intensity, advertising jingle, advertising label, advertising leaflet, advertising letter, advertising literature 1) а), advertising location, advertising magazine, advertising material, advertising matter, advertising media, advertising medium, advertising novelty, advertising operation 2) а), advertising page, advertising pamphlet, advertising panel, advertising penetration, advertising perception, advertising personality, advertising playback, advertising point, advertising posttest, advertising pretest, advertising puffery, advertising pylon, advertising race, advertising readership, advertising recall, advertising response, advertising retention, advertising sample, advertising section 2) а), advertising site, advertising slogan, advertising space, advertising specialty, advertising sponsorship, advertising spoof, advertising spot, advertising standards, advertising structure, advertising supplement, advertising test, advertising testing, advertising text, advertising threshold, advertising time, advertising vehicle, advertising wearout, advertising wedge, Canadian Code of Advertising Standards, Code of Advertising Practice, Defining Advertising goals for Measured Advertising Results, Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act, ICC Guidelines / Code on Advertising and Marketing on the Internet, ICC International Code of Advertising Practice, ICC International Code of Environmental Advertising, ICC International Codes of Marketing and Advertising Practices, Standard Advertising Register, Standard Directory of Advertising Agencies, Standards of Practice of the American Association of Advertising Agencies, Advertising Association, Advertising Association of the West, Advertising Checking Bureau, Advertising Club of New York, Advertising Council, Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc. 2), Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc., Advertising Council, Inc.3) рекл. рекламное дело, рекламная деятельность, рекламный бизнес (реклама как вид деятельности безотносительно каких-л. конкретных продуктов; реклама как одна из функций организации)advertising counsellor [consultant\] — рекламный консультант, консультант по рекламе
advertising expert — рекламный эксперт, эксперт по рекламе
Syn:See:above-the-line advertising, below-the-line advertising, flat fee advertising, investment advertising, per inquiry advertising, advertising account, advertising activity, advertising agency, advertising agent, advertising agreement, advertising allowance, advertising analysis б), advertising appropriation, advertising assistant, advertising audit, advertising brief, advertising broker, advertising budget, advertising business, advertising campaign, advertising canvasser, advertising claim 2) б), advertising club, advertising code, advertising community, advertising company, advertising competition 1) б), advertising contract, advertising contractor, advertising control, advertising cooperative, advertising copywriting, advertising cost, advertising coverage, advertising customer, advertising department, advertising director, advertising directory, advertising drive, advertising effect, advertising effectiveness, advertising efficiency, advertising environment, advertising ethics, advertising exchange, advertising executive, advertising expenditures, advertising expenses, advertising exposure 1) б), &3, advertising factor б), advertising firm, advertising guide, advertising industry, advertising injury, advertising landscape, advertising legislation, advertising leverage, advertising liability, advertising linage, advertising literature 2) б), advertising man, advertising management, advertising manager, advertising method, advertising mix, advertising monopoly, advertising network, advertising objective, advertising office, advertising operation 1) б), advertising order, advertising outcome, advertising outlay, advertising output, advertising people, advertising performance, advertising personnel, advertising plan, advertising planner, advertising planning, advertising portfolio, advertising practice, advertising practitioner, advertising professional, advertising programme, advertising purpose, advertising rate, advertising register, advertising representative, advertising research, advertising restrictions, advertising sales agents, advertising schedule, advertising section 1) б), advertising self-regulation, advertising services, advertising specialist, advertising spending, advertising statistics, advertising strategy, advertising substantiation, advertising support, advertising talent, advertising theory, advertising value, advertising variable, advertising weight, media buy, copywriting, advertology
* * *
реклама, рекламирование: использование печатных, теле-, радио- и иных посланий, оплаченных рекламодателем, для благоприятного воздействия на потенциальных покупателей товара или клиентов.* * *размещение объявлений; размещение рекламы; рекламирование. . Словарь экономических терминов .* * *эмоционально окрашенная информация об основных характеристиках отдельных видов страхования и страховых операций с целью формирования устойчивого спроса на страховые услуги-----средство распространения информации и убеждения людей через прессу, телевидение, радиовещание, объявления, плакаты и другим образом -
15 international
прил.1) общ. международный; интернациональный (связанный с двумя или более странами, относящийся к нескольким странам, происходящий при участии нескольких стран или их представителей)international peace — международный мир, мир во всем мире
Syn:See:International Accounting Standards, international adjudication, international administration, international administrative law, international affairs, international agency, international agreement, international arbitrage, international arbitration, International Baccalaureate, International Bank Account Number, international bill of exchange, international bond, international borrowing and lending, international business, international business administration, international capital flows, international cartel, international commerce, international commercial arbitration, international commercial law, international commodity agreement, international commodity body, international company, International Comparison Program, international competition, international competitive bidding, international competitiveness, international competitor, International Conference on Financing for Development, international contract, international cooperation, international copyright, international corporation, international credit, International Data Base, international dealer, international debt, international deficit, international delinquency, international department, International Depositary Receipt, International Depository Receipt, international development bank, international diplomacy, international distortion, international diversification, international division, international division of factors, international division of labour, international divorce, international economics, international equity, international equity fund, international exchange ratio, international extradition, international factor movements, international factoring, international finance, international finance subsidiary, international financial institution, international financial system, international firm, international fund, international institution, international investment, international investment position, international investor, international jurist, international labour migration, international law, international leasing, international legal capacity, international liquidity, international load line, international macroeconomics, international management, international market, international marketer, international marketing, international marketing environment, international microeconomics, international migration, international monetary arrangement, international monetary cooperation, international monetary economics, international monetary order, international monetary reform, international monetary reserves, international monetary system, international multimodal transport, international mutual fund, international name, international order, international organization, international payments, international policy coordination, international politics, international private law, international promissory note, international public law, international relations, international reserve currency, international reserve system, international reserves, international sale, international sales contract, international securities, International Securities Identification Number, international standard, International Standard Audiovisual Number, International Standards of Accounting and Reporting, International Standards on Auditing, international surplus, international technology transfer, international tender, international terrorism, international trade, international trademark, international trading company, international transportation, international travel, International Atomic Energy List, International Banking Act, International Bovine Meat Agreement, International Coffee Agreement, International Commercial Terms, International Dairy Arrangement, International Emergency Economic Powers Act, International Financial Reporting Standards, International Gold Pool, International Grains Agreement, International Industrial List, International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code, International Market Insight, International Merchandise Trade Statistics, International Munitions List, International Olive Oil Agreement, International Rules for the Interpretation of Trade Terms, International Safety Management Code, International Standard Classification of Occupations, International Standard Industrial Classification of all Economic Activities, International Sugar Agreement, International Traffic in Arms Regulations, International Wheat Agreement, International Accounting Standards Board, International Accounting Standards Committee, International Accreditation Forum, International Actuarial Association, International Advertising Association, International Air Transport Association, International Anticounterfeiting Coalition, International Association for Feminist Economics, International Association for Financial Planning, International Association for Insurance Law, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, International Association for the Protection of Industrial Property, International Association for the Protection of Intellectual Property, International Association for the Study of Insurance Economics, International Association of Administrative Professionals, International Association of Book-keepers, International Association of Classification Societies, International Association of Financial Executives Institutes, International Association of Insurance Supervisors, International Association of Mutual Insurance Companies, International Association of Political Science, International Atomic Energy Agency, International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board, International Auditing Practices Committee, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, International Banking Facility, International Broadcasting Bureau, International Bureau for the Protection of Intellectual Property, International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes, International Chamber of Commerce, International Civil Aviation Organization, International Cocoa Organization, International Coffee Organization, International Confederation of Free Trade Unions, International Congress of Accountants, International Congress of Actuaries, International Convention for Safe Containers, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Conference on Financing for Development, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations2) общ. международный (распространенный, действующий за пределами национальных границ)See:
* * *
international settlements межгосударственные расчеты, осуществляемые центральными банками. -
16 balance
ˈbæləns
1. сущ.
1) весы (любой конструкции) quick balance Roman balance
2) равновесие( в прямом и переносном смысле) balance of forces balance of nature balance of terror balance of power keep one's balance lose one's balance be off balance the strategic balance favourable balance unfavourable balance
3) элк. баланс (соотношение мощностей правого и левого канала в стереозаписи)
4) то же, что Libra
5) противовес( в прямом и переносном смысле)
6) маятник;
балансир, баланс ( в механизмах)
7) соотношение сил (необязательно равновесное), характеристика этого соотношения
8) коммерч. баланс, сальдо bank balance strike a balance credit balance debit balance trade balance trial balance balance in hand balance due balance of payments balance of trade
9) амер. разг. остаток( по коммерческим операциям) Syn: left-over
10) балласт( по ошибочной ассоциации с ballast) ∙ - balance weight be in the balance tremble in the balance swing in the balance hang in the balance hold the balance upon a fair balance the beam of a balance balance-yard balance-fish balance-knife balance-man balance-master balance-mistress - balance-sheet balance-seat balance-step the balance of advantage lies with him ≈ на его стороне значительные преимущества to be weighed in the balance and found wanting( Дан., 5-
27) ≈ не оправдать надежд
2. гл.
1) сохранять равновесие, быть в равновесии;
уравновешивать( что-л.;
что-л. чем-л.) One thing balances another. ≈ Одно компенсирует другое. balance oneself balance disadvantage by smth. to balance disadvantage with smth.
2) взвешивать, обдумывать;
сопоставлять( with, against) to balance а trip to the mountains against the chance of a summer job ≈ решать, что выбрать: поездку в горы или возможность получить работу на лето We must balance the two proposals. ≈ Нам надо взвесить достоинства этих двух предложений. balance income with expenditure
3) колебаться, медлить He balanced in indecision. ≈ Он медлил в нерешительности.
4) балансировать, качаться Balanced herself half over the balcony-rail. ≈ Она наполовину перевесилась через перила балкона.
5) коммерч. подводить баланс the accounts don't balance ≈ счета не сходятся balance one's accounts balance outвесы - quick /Roman/ * безмен, пружинные весы - assay * пробирные весы чаша весов - to tip the * склонять чашу весов, давать перевес равновесие;
состояние равновесия - stable * устойчивое равновесие (тж. в спорте) - * of nature природное равновесие - off * неустойчивый, шаткий - to maintain a strict * of forces строго поддерживать равновесие сил - to hold the * even сохранять равновесие - to keep /to hold, to preserve/ one's * удерживать /сохранять/ равновесие - to lose * потерять равновесие - to make out the * уравновешивать, приводить в состояние равновесия - the blow threw him off his * удар сбил его с ног душевное равновесие;
спокойствие;
уравновешенность - to be off one's * потерять равновесие /душевный покой/ - to lose one's * выйти из себя, потерять равновесие - she was thrown off her * with anger она была вне себя от негодования - he kept his * even at the most trying moments он не терял самообладания даже в самые трудные минуты пропорциональность;
гармоническое сочетание - the * of colours гармония красок (специальное) баланс - heat * (физическое) тепловой баланс решающий фактор;
решающее влияние или значение - to hold the * осуществлять контроль, распоряжаться - the * of advantage lies with him на его стороне значительные преимущества - the * of out fortune rests with him наша судьба в его руках противовес, компенсатор;
гиря баланс (шест канатоходца) маятник, балансир, баланс (в часовом механизме) (финансовое) баланс;
сальдо;
остаток - adverse * пассивный баланс - trade *, * of trade торговый баланс - favourable * активный баланс - sterling *s стерлинговые счета, стерлинговые авуары - * of payments платежный баланс - *s with foreign banks остатки на счетах в заграничных банках, иностранные авуары - * in hand денежная наличность, наличность кассы - * of an account остаток счета - on * после подведения баланса - to strike the * подводить баланс;
подводить итоги - to bring accounts to a * составлять сводный баланс( разговорное) остаток - he spent the * of his life in travel остаток жизни он провел в странствиях - he gave the * of his dinner to the dog он бросил остатки обеда собаке (B.) (астрономия) Весы (созвездие и знак зодиака) (спортивное) брусья;
стойка - one hand * стойка на одной руке > upon /on/ (a) * по зрелом размышлении, хорошо взвесив обстоятельства;
с учетом всего вышесказанного;
в конечном счете, в итоге - to be in the * быть нерешенным - the future is in the * будущее неясно - to swing /to be, to tremble/ in the * висеть на волоске, быть в критическом положении;
колебаться, сомневаться - to hang in the * быть брошенным на чашу весов - to weigh in the * взвешивать, обсуждать, оценивать (доводы, достоинства и т. п.) - to be weighed in the * and found wanting не выдержать проверки - to turn the * склонить чашу весов - a moth will turn the * мелочь /случайность/ может изменить все балансировать, сохранять равновесие, быть в равновесии - do these scales *? чаши весов уравновешены? балансировать - the little boy was balancing himself on the edge of a chair мальчик качался /балансировал/ на краю стула приводить в равновесие;
уравновешивать, уравнивать - to * foreign trade (экономика) сбалансировать внешнююторговлю - the teams were perfectly *d силы команд были совершенно равны удовлетворять потребность( в товаре) (бухгалтерское) подсчитывать, подытоживать;
сводить, заключать, закрывать( счета, книги) ;
погашать;
подбивать баланс - to * an account уравнять /погасить/ счет - to * the books закрыть /забалансировать/ (бухгалтерские) книги - to compute and * one's gain and loss подводить итог приходу и расходу сводиться, балансироваться - the accounts don't * счета не сходятся взвешивать, определять вес (приблизительно) взвешивать, обдумывать;
сопоставлять - to * probabilities сопоставлять возможности - she *d her answer to the sum with his она сравнила свой и его ответы на задачу медлить, колебаться - a disposition to * and temporize склонность к медлительности и колебаниям - to * in indecision быть в нерешительности (by, with, against) противопоставлять, нейтрализовать, компенсировать - to * a disadvantage by /with/ smth. восполнять ущерб чем-л.;
нейтрализовать вред - the advantages more than * the disadvantages достоинства вполне покрывают недостатки - her lack of politeness was *d by her readiness to help недостаток вежливости сглаживался у нее готовностью помочь( специальное) добавлять недостающее количество делать балансе (в танце)account ~ остаток на счете account ~ остаток при расчетеto ~ one's accounts подытоживать счета;
the accounts don't balance счета не сходятсяadverse ~ неблагоприятный платежный баланс adverse ~ неблагоприятный торговый баланс adverse ~ пассивный платежный баланс adverse ~ пассивный торговый балансadverse ~ of payments неблагоприятный платежный баланс adverse ~ of payments пассивный платежный балансadverse ~ of trade неблагоприятный торговый баланс adverse ~ of trade пассивный торговый балансadverse cash ~ неблагоприятный баланс наличности adverse cash ~ пассивный баланс кассовой наличностиbalance ком. баланс, сальдо (тж. balance in hand) ;
balance of payments платежный баланс;
balance of trade активный баланс (внешней торговли) ;
to strike a balance подводить баланс;
перен. подводить итоги ~ баланс, сальдо, остаток ~ баланс ~ балансировать;
сохранять равновесие, быть в равновесии;
уравновешивать ~ балансировать ~ (B). Весы (созвездие и знак зодиака) ~ весы;
quick (или Roman) balance безмен, пружинные весы ~ весы ~ взвешивать, обдумывать;
сопоставлять (with, against) ~ закрывать счета ~ колебаться (between) ~ компенсировать ~ маятник;
балансир, баланс (в часовом механизме) ~ медлить, колебаться ~ нейтрализовать ~ разг. остаток ~ остаток ~ погашать ~ ком. подводить баланс ~ подводить итог ~ подсчитывать ~ приводить в равновесие ~ пропорциональность ~ противовес ~ равновесие;
balance of forces равновесие сил;
balance of power политическое равновесие '(между государствами) ~ равновесие ~ решающий фактор ~ сальдировать ~ сальдо ~ состояние счета ~ уравнивать ~ уравновешиватьthe ~ of advantage lies with him на его стороне значительные преимущества~ of an account остаток на счете ~ of an account остаток при расчете ~ of an account сальдо счета~ of current accounts сальдо текущих счетов~ of current transactions сальдо по текущим сделкам~ равновесие;
balance of forces равновесие сил;
balance of power политическое равновесие '(между государствами)~ of freight сальдо фрахта~ of order остаток заказаbalance ком. баланс, сальдо (тж. balance in hand) ;
balance of payments платежный баланс;
balance of trade активный баланс (внешней торговли) ;
to strike a balance подводить баланс;
перен. подводить итоги ~ of payments платежный баланс~ of payments disequilibrium неравновесие платежного баланса~ of payments equilibrium равновесие платежного баланса~ of payments figures итог платежного баланса~ of payments gap дефицит платежного баланса~ of payments statistics статистические данные платежного баланса~ of payments surplus активное сальдо платежного баланса~ равновесие;
balance of forces равновесие сил;
balance of power политическое равновесие '(между государствами) ~ of power равновесие сил ~ of power соотношение сил~ of services баланс услугbalance ком. баланс, сальдо (тж. balance in hand) ;
balance of payments платежный баланс;
balance of trade активный баланс (внешней торговли) ;
to strike a balance подводить баланс;
перен. подводить итоги ~ of trade торговый баланс~ of trade improvement улучшение торгового баланса~ of trade surplus активное сальдо торгового баланса~ of unclassifiable transactions остаток от неклассифицируемых операций~ on current account остаток на текущем счете~ on giro account остаток на жиросчете~ on investment income сальдо доходов от инвестирования~ on long-term capital account остаток на долгосрочном счете движения капитала~ on short-term capital account остаток на краткосрочном счете движения капитала~ on transfer account остаток на жиросчетеto ~ one's accounts подытоживать счета;
the accounts don't balance счета не сходятся~ the accounts выводить сальдо счетов ~ the accounts закрывать счета ~ the accounts определять остаток на счетах~ the books закрывать бухгалтерские книги~ to be carried forward сальдо к переносу на следующую страницуbank ~ баланс банка bank ~ остаток на банковском счете bank ~ остаток счета в банке bank ~ сальдо банковского счетаto be (или to tremble, to swing, to hang) in the ~ висеть на волоске, быть в критическом положенииto be off one's ~ потерять душевное равновесиеto be weighed in the ~ and found wanting не оправдать надеждcarry down a ~ бухг. делать перенос сальдоclassified trial ~ систематизированный предварительный баланс с группировкой статей по форме финансового отчетаcleared ~ окончательное сальдоcommencement ~ баланс на начало периодаcredit ~ кредитовое сальдо credit ~ кредитовый баланс credit ~ кредитовый остаток credit ~ остаток кредита credit ~ отрицательное сальдоcurrent external ~ текущее состояние внешних расчетовexternal ~ состояние внешних расчетовfavourable trade ~ активный торговый баланс favourable trade ~ благоприятный торговый балансgiro ~ жиробалансgross investments ~ баланс валовых капиталовложенийto hold the ~ распоряжатьсяin ~ на балансеinitial ~ исходный балансintercompany ~ межфирменный балансinvisibles ~ баланс невидимых статей балансаto keep one's ~ сохранять равновесие;
перен. оставаться спокойным;
to lose one's balance упасть, потерять равновесие;
перен. выйти из себяloan ~ остаток непогашенной ссудыto keep one's ~ сохранять равновесие;
перен. оставаться спокойным;
to lose one's balance упасть, потерять равновесие;
перен. выйти из себяmonthly ~ месячный балансnegative cash ~ отрицательный кассовый остатокnegative net ~ пассивный чистый балансnet ~ сальдо net ~ чистый остатокnet external ~ сальдо по внешним расчетамnonoil trade ~ торговый баланс без учета нефтиoff ~ несбалансированныйold ~ выч. сальдо за предыдущий периодon ~ на балансеpassive ~ неблагоприятный платежный баланс passive ~ пассивный платежный баланс passive: ~ фин. беспроцентный;
passive balance пассивное сальдо;
passive bonds амер. беспроцентные облигацииpositive ~ активный баланс positive ~ положительное сальдоpositive cash ~ положительный кассовый остаток~ весы;
quick (или Roman) balance безмен, пружинные весыredress the ~ восстанавливать равновесие redress: ~ исправлять;
восстанавливать;
to redress the balance восстанавливать равновесиеremit a ~ сальдировать счетrestore the ~ восстанавливать балансRoman ~ безменspring ~ пружинные весы, безменbalance ком. баланс, сальдо (тж. balance in hand) ;
balance of payments платежный баланс;
balance of trade активный баланс (внешней торговли) ;
to strike a balance подводить баланс;
перен. подводить итоги strike a ~ подводить балансsurplus ~ активный балансtorsion ~ мотор-весы, динамо-весыtotal ~ итоговый балансtotal current ~ итоговое сальдо по контокоррентуtrade ~ торговый баланс trade: ~ attr. торговый;
trade balance торговый балансtrial ~ предварительный баланс trial ~ пробный балансunfavourable trade ~ пассивный торговый балансupon a fair ~ по зрелом размышленииupset the ~ нарушать равновесие -
17 Department of Commerce
орг.сокр. USDOC, DOC гос. упр., амер. Министерство торговли (отстаивает интересы американского бизнеса в стране и за рубежом, собирает и анализирует экономическую информацию, следит за исполнением международных торговых соглашений, регулирует экспорт чувствительных товаров и технологий, выдает патенты и торговые знаки, обеспечивает защиту интеллектуальной собственности, устанавливает систему мер и весов; основано в 1903 г. как часть Министерства торговли и труда; как самостоятельное министерство существует с 1913 г.)Syn:See:Department of Commerce and Labor, Bureau of Industry and Security, Economic Development Administration, Economics and Statistics Administration, International Trade Administration, Minority Business Development Agency, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Telecommunications and Information Administration, Patent and Trademark Office, Export Contact List Service, Foreign Trade Division, Interagency Group on Countertrade, Committee for the Implementation of Textile Agreements, Foreign Trade Zones Board, commercial activity report, Trade Adjustment Assistance, Export Assistance Center, factory ordersАнгло-русский экономический словарь > Department of Commerce
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18 matriarchy
сущ.соц., ист. матриархат (одна из форм общественного устройства, в основном в ранний период первобытнообщинного строя; характеризуется доминирующим положением женщины, матрилинейностью наследования имущества, социального положения, матрилокальностью или дислокальностью брачных поселений; у некоторых народов матриархат предшествовал патриархату, иногда сохранялся в период перехода от родового строя к классовому обществу)Syn:Ant:Organization for European Economic Cooperation, Manual on Statistics of International Trade in Services, Arrangement on Guidelines for Officially Supported Export Credits, Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions, Organization for European Economic Cooperation, Development Assistance Committee, Export Credit Group, International Energy Agency, Creditor Reporting System, official development assistance, developing countries, Producer Support Estimate, Consumer Support Estimate, Commercial Interest Reference Rate, System of National Accounts -
19 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
орг.сокр. OECD межд. эк. Организация экономического сотрудничества и развития, ОЭСР (создана в 1961 г. после ратификации Конвенции об учреждении ОЭСР, подписанной в 1960 г.; стала преемницей Организации европейского экономического сотрудничества, образованной в 1948 г.; основные цели ОЭСР: вклад в развитие мировой экономики посредством обеспечения оптимального экономического развития, роста занятости и повышения уровня жизни при сохранении финансовой стабильности государств-членов; содействие экономическому и социальному благополучию в регионе ОЭСР путем координации политики государств-членов; предоставление помощи государств ОЭСР развивающимся странам; кроме этого, ОЭСР собирает и публикует международную экономическую информацию, участвует в разработке стандартизированных правил ведения международной статистики; по состоянию на начало 2007 г. членами организации являлись 30 стран: Австралия, Австрия, Бельгия, Канада, Чехия, Дания, Финляндия, Франция, Германия, Греция, Венгрия, Исландия, Ирландия, Италия, Япония, Люксембург, Мексика, Нидерланды, Новая Зеландия, Норвегия, Польша, Португалия, Словакия, Южная Корея, Испания, Швеция, Швейцария, Турция, Великобритания, США)See:Organization for European Economic Cooperation, Manual on Statistics of International Trade in Services, Arrangement on Guidelines for Officially Supported Export Credits, Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions, Organization for European Economic Cooperation, Development Assistance Committee, Export Credit Group, International Energy Agency, Creditor Reporting System, official development assistance, developing countries, Producer Support Estimate, Consumer Support Estimate, Commercial Interest Reference Rate, System of National Accounts
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abbrev.: OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Организация экономического сотрудничества и развития (ОЭСР): организация, созданная в 1961 г. взамен Организации для европейского экономического сотрудничества (см. Organization for European Economic Cooperation) в целях содействия экономическому росту стран-членов, повышению уровня жизни, поддержанию финансовой стабильности, развитию торговли на многосторонней основе; объединяет США, Канаду, Японию, 18 стран Западной Европы, Турцию (штаб-квартира в Париже); в рамках ОЭСР регулярно обсуждается экономическая политика стран-участниц, организация публикует обширную статистику, обзоры по странам, прогнозы развития.* * ** * *. . Словарь экономических терминов .Англо-русский экономический словарь > Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
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20 CAS
1) Общая лексика: Академия наук Китая (China Academy of Sciences), Chemical Abstract Services (Международный CAS-номер присваивается химическим веществам американской организацией Chemical Abstract Services. Этот уникальный номер не несет информации ни о чистоте вещества, ни о произ2) Компьютерная техника: Common Authorization System, Computed Answer Substitution, centralized attendant service, хранение данных с адресацией по содержимому (content-addressable storage), content-addressable storage (хранение данных с адресацией по содержимому)3) Авиация: (см.) Crew Alerting System4) Морской термин: схема оценки состояния (Condition Assessment Scheme)5) Медицина: clinical application specialist6) Спорт: Court Of Arbitration For Sports7) Военный термин: Cadet Accountability System, Central Authentication Service, Chief of the Air Staff, Chinese Air To Surface, Church Army Society, Combined Arms and Services Staff, Contract Administration Service, Conversion Armor System, Coordinator of Army Studies, Crises Action System, Crisis Action Staff, calculated air speed, children's Army school, citizens alarm system, civil affairs section, close air support, coast artillery school, coded armaments system, combat alert status, command aviation section, communications analysis section, compensating air supply, complete assembly for strike, controlled airspace, courier air service, непосредственная авиационная поддержка ( НАП) (Close Air Support)8) Техника: Central Amplifier Station, Committee for Assurance for Supply, aircraft collision avoidance system, chemical addition system, circuits and systems, command active sonobuoy, command augmentation system, common access space, communicat-ing applications specification, communications antenna sleeve, compressed air system, containment annunciator subpanel9) Шутливое выражение: Computers Are Swine10) Математика: Computer Algebra System, СКА, система компьютерной алгебры (Система компьютерной алгебры (СКА,)— это приложение, помогающее выполнять символьные вычисления.СКА — это работа с математическими выражениями в аналитической (символьной) форме.)11) Юридический термин: Corporal Alternative Sentencing, Creativity Action And Service12) Бухгалтерия: Comprehensive Annual Statement13) Страхование: Casualty Actuarial Society14) Автомобильный термин: clean air system, crank angle sensor, creep aid system (automatic transmissions)15) Ветеринария: Companion Animal Society (New Zealand)16) Грубое выражение: Confusion Anarchy Stupidity17) Металлургия: Американское Химическое Общество18) Телекоммуникации: Carrier Activity Sensor, Channel Associated Signaling19) Сокращение: Calibrated Airspeed, Case Analysis System, Casualty Assessment System, Civil Air Service, Collision Avoidance System, Combat Advice System, Combat Ammunition System, Combined Antenna System, Committee on Atmospheric Sciences, Computer-Aided Supportability, Contemporary Art Society, Cost Accounting Standards, Crisis Action System (USA), Cast Alloy Steel, Channel Address Strobe, Communicating Applications Specification, Current Awareness Service, COSTAR Alignment System, CPE Alerting Signal (caller ID with call waiting), Calibrated Ancillary System, California Academy of Sciences (Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, California), California Avocado Society, Call Accounting Subsystem, Call Accounting System, Call-waiting Alerting Signal, Calorimetric Absorption Spectroscopy, Cam Actuated Switch, Canadian AIDS Society, Canadian Aerophilatelic Society, Canadian Anesthesiologists' Society, Canards Actuator System (Army, artillery), Capable, Available and Suitable, Cardinal Air Services Inc (Fullerton Airport, Orange County California), Career Advancement Scheme (Indian universities), Carrier Accounting System (Sprint), Casablanca, Anfa Morocco (airport code), Casablanca, Morocco ANFA Airport (city/airport code), Case Assignment, Casine (cell plating), Catalog Address Space, Catch Assessment System (fisheries), Center for Advanced Studies in Telecommunications (Ohio State University), Center for Atmospheric Sciences, Center for Automotive Safety, Center on an Aging Society, Central Accounting System, Central Administration Support, Central Alarm Station, Central Alarm System, Central Asian States, Central Attendant Service, Central Authentication Service (Yale University and JA-SIG), Centrale Archief Selectiedienst, Centralized Administrative System, Centre for Adaptive Systems, Centre for Animal Sciences, Centre for Atmospheric Science, Centre of Excellence for Autonomous Systems (Australia), Certificate of Advanced Studies, Certificate of Applied Science (degree), Certification Authorities, Certified Advertising Specialist, Certified Annuity Specialist, Channel Access Sublayer, Channel Assigned Signaling (Hekimian), Chemical Abstract Service, Chemical Abstracts Registry Service, Chemical Abstracts Service (division of the American Chemical Society), Chemical Association Service, Chief of Air Staff, Children's Aid Society, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chromosome Aberration Simulator, Circuit Associated Signaling, Circuits and Systems Society (IEEE), Citizen Auto Stage Company (Nogales, AZ), Citrix Access Suite, Citrix Activation System, Civil Agencies Sector, Claims Auto Specialist, Clark Ashton Smith (American author), Classic Arts Showcase, Clean Access Server, Clean Air Solvent, Clean Air Source, Client Access Service (Microsoft), Clinical Ayurvedic Specialist, Cockpit Avionics System, Coconino Astronomical Society (Flagstaff, AZ), Code Access Security (Microsoft. NET Framework), Cold Air Standard, Collaboration At Sea (US Navy SPAWAR), College Alcohol Study, College of Analytical Studies (US Federal Bureau of Investigation), College of Applied Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences (various colleges and universities), Columbia Audubon Society (South Carolina), Column Access Strobe, Column Address Select, Column Address Signal (computer memory), Combat Air Support, Combat Applications Squadron, Combat Arms School (Canadian Forces; now defunct), Combined Anode Stirrer, Comma Delimited Ascii, Command Augmentation System (NASA), Command Automation System, Commercial Activities System, Commercially Available Software, Commission Accounting System, Commission for Atmospheric Sciences (WMO), Common Aircraft Servicing, Communications Accounting System (Highland Lakes), Community Action Service (International Baccalaureate high school program requirement), Complete Active Space (quantum chemistry), Complex Adaptive System, Complex Adaptive Systems, Component Administration System, Component Anesthesia Systems, Computational AeroSciences (NASA project), Computed Air Speed, Computer Aided Systems, Computer Algebra System (mathematical computation software), Computer Anwendungs- und Systemberatung GmbH, Computer As Source, Computer Assisted Surgery, Computer Assurance Services, Computer and Systems Engineering (Sprint), Computer-Aided Selling, Computer-Aided Service, Inc., Computer-Aided Software, Computer-Aided Styling, Computer-Aided Support, Computer-Aided Training, Computer-Assisted System, Computerized Autodial System, Computing in Atmospheric Sciences Workshop, Condition Assessment Scheme (ships), Condition Assessment Survey, Conditional Access System, Configuration Assurance Solution (Cisco), Conflict Alert System, Conformal Antenna System, Conformal-Array Seeker, Connecticut Association of Schools, Consejo Asesor de Seguridad (Guatemala), Consenting Adults, Consolidated Administration System, Consolidated Application System, Construction Area Sign, Consultant Accreditation Service, Consultant and Affiliate Services, Containment Assessment Plan, Contemporary Arts Society, Content Adaptation Service, Content Adaptors, Content Addressable Storage, Content Addressed Storage, Continental Automotive Systems, Contingency Alerting System, Contract Administration Services, Contract Administration Standards, Contract Administrative Services, Contract Air Services, Contract Analysis System, Control Actuation System, Control Alarm Station, Control Augmentation System, Controlled ATM Switch (Cisco), Controlled American Source, Coordinated Air Strike, Coordinating Address Space, Corporate Account Space, Corporate Administrative System (Canada), Cost Accounting Standard, Cost Accounting System, Country Assistance Strategy, Court of Arbitration for Sport, Cowboy Action Shooting, Craft Access System, Cranial Abscessation Syndrome (deer disease), Crash Analysis System (Land Transport New Zealand), Create-A-Sim (EA Games; The Sims), Creatively Agonizing Students, Creativity, Action and Service (International Baccalaureate Diploma), Credit Approval Sheet (banking), Crew Alerting System, Crisis Action System, Criticality Alarm System, Current Account Surplus, Current Assessment Summary, Customer Acceptance Specification, Customer Access Server, Customer Access Services, Customer Account Services, Customer Administrative Services, Customer Alert Signal, Customer Analysis and Solutions (Sterling Wentworth), Customer Ancillary Service, Cycad Aulacaspis Scale, Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Athletic Association, IEEE Circuits and Systems Society, Spotted Wolffish (FAO fish species code), civil aviation security (US DoD)20) Университет: Campus Automation System, Centre For Applied Statistics, Centre Of African Studies, Certificate Of Advanced Study, Course Applicability System, Curriculum Administration System21) Школьное выражение: College of Arts and Science22) Электроника: Central Amplifier Stations23) Вычислительная техника: Column Address Strobe, Computer Aided Styling, computer-aided system, автоматизированная система, Communicating Applications Specification (FAX, Intel, DCA), Column Address Strobe (IC, DRAM), Чистый сервер доступа24) Нефть: Circumferential Acoustic Scanning25) Связь: Channel Associated Signalling26) Космонавтика: Commission for Atmospheric Sciences (WMO)27) Банковское дело: надбавка за счёт пересмотра валютных паритетов (currency adjustment surcharge)28) Транспорт: Commence Average Speed29) Деловая лексика: Computer Aided Service30) Образование: Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (в Великобритании)31) Валютные операции: дополнительный сбор за корректировку валютного курса (currency adjustment surcharge)32) Инвестиции: currency adjustment surcharge33) Сетевые технологии: Communication Application Software, Communication Application Specification, Conference Application Server, Controlled Access Signaling, спецификация приложений связи34) Программирование: Column Access Select35) Автоматика: computer-aided service planning, continuous analog scanning36) Океанография: Commission for Atmospheric Sciences37) Химическое оружие: Chemical Abstracts Service, corrective action study38) Авиационная медицина: Coriolis acceleration susceptibility40) Безопасность: Cpe Alert Signal, центральный пункт сигнализации (Central Alarm Station)41) Расширение файла: Column Address Select/Strobe, Communications Application Specification, C + ASM language source (Turbo C)42) Нефть и газ: Chemical Abstracts System, cascade mode, Chemical Abstract Services43) Аварийное восстановление: continuous availability services44) Общественная организация: Crossroads Adoption Services45) Аэропорты: Casablanca, Morocco46) AMEX. A. M. Castle & Company47) Международные перевозки: сurrеnсу adjustment surcharge
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